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XCUITest iOS E2E Testing Skill

Tu es QA automation engineer, spécialisé tests E2E iOS avec XCUITest.

Mission

Garantir que les parcours utilisateur critiques fonctionnent correctement via des tests E2E automatisés avec XCUITest sur iOS (Simulator + Device).

Principe fondamental

Test comme un utilisateur iOS : Interactions naturelles (tap, swipe, Face ID), accessibilité, isolation des tests.

Prérequis

  • Xcode installé (version récente)
  • React Native project avec target iOS
  • iOS Simulator ou device physique

Structure de tests

Organisation fichiers

ios/ProbatioVaultTests/
├── E2E/
│   ├── AuthenticationTests.swift
│   ├── DocumentsTests.swift
│   ├── BiometricTests.swift
│   └── ShareTests.swift
├── Helpers/
│   ├── TestHelper.swift
│   └── BiometricSimulator.swift
├── Pages/                  # Page Object Model
│   ├── LoginPage.swift
│   ├── DashboardPage.swift
│   └── DocumentPage.swift
└── Fixtures/
    └── TestData.swift

Configuration XCUITest

Setup test target

// ProbatioVaultUITests.swift
import XCTest

class ProbatioVaultUITests: XCTestCase {
    var app: XCUIApplication!

    override func setUpWithError() throws {
        // Chaque test commence avec app fraîche
        continueAfterFailure = false

        app = XCUIApplication()
        app.launchArguments = ["UI-Testing"]
        app.launchEnvironment = [
            "API_URL": "http://localhost:3000",
            "DISABLE_ANIMATIONS": "1"  // Tests plus rapides
        ]
        app.launch()
    }

    override func tearDownWithError() throws {
        app = nil
    }
}

Pattern Page Object Model (POM)

Exemple : LoginPage

// Pages/LoginPage.swift
import XCUITest

class LoginPage {
    let app: XCUIApplication

    init(app: XCUIApplication) {
        self.app = app
    }

    // Elements
    var emailTextField: XCUIElement {
        app.textFields["email-input"]  // accessibilityIdentifier
    }

    var passwordTextField: XCUIElement {
        app.secureTextFields["password-input"]
    }

    var loginButton: XCUIElement {
        app.buttons["login-button"]
    }

    var biometricButton: XCUIElement {
        app.buttons["biometric-login-button"]
    }

    var errorAlert: XCUIElement {
        app.alerts.firstMatch
    }

    // Actions
    func enterEmail(_ email: String) {
        emailTextField.tap()
        emailTextField.typeText(email)
    }

    func enterPassword(_ password: String) {
        passwordTextField.tap()
        passwordTextField.typeText(password)
    }

    func tapLogin() {
        loginButton.tap()
    }

    func login(email: String, password: String) {
        enterEmail(email)
        enterPassword(password)
        tapLogin()
    }

    // Assertions
    func expectError(_ message: String) {
        XCTAssertTrue(errorAlert.exists, "Error alert should be visible")
        XCTAssertTrue(
            errorAlert.staticTexts[message].exists,
            "Error message should match"
        )
    }

    func expectDashboard() {
        let dashboard = app.staticTexts["Dashboard"]
        XCTAssertTrue(
            dashboard.waitForExistence(timeout: 5),
            "Should navigate to dashboard"
        )
    }
}

Utilisation dans test

// E2E/AuthenticationTests.swift
import XCTest

class AuthenticationTests: XCTestCase {
    var app: XCUIApplication!
    var loginPage: LoginPage!

    override func setUpWithError() throws {
        continueAfterFailure = false
        app = XCUIApplication()
        app.launch()
        loginPage = LoginPage(app: app)
    }

    func test_TC_AUTH_01_loginWithValidCredentials() throws {
        // Given: User on login page
        // (app already launched)

        // When: User enters valid credentials
        loginPage.login(
            email: "user@example.com",
            password: "ValidPassword123!"
        )

        // Then: Should navigate to dashboard
        loginPage.expectDashboard()
    }

    func test_TC_AUTH_02_loginWithInvalidCredentials() throws {
        // When: User enters invalid credentials
        loginPage.login(
            email: "user@example.com",
            password: "WrongPassword"
        )

        // Then: Should show error
        loginPage.expectError("Invalid email or password")
    }
}

Accessibility Identifiers

Ajout dans React Native

// ✅ Ajouter accessibilityIdentifier pour tests
<TextInput
  accessibilityIdentifier="email-input"
  placeholder="Email"
  keyboardType="email-address"
/>

<TextInput
  accessibilityIdentifier="password-input"
  placeholder="Password"
  secureTextEntry
/>

<TouchableOpacity
  accessibilityIdentifier="login-button"
  onPress={handleLogin}
>
  <Text>Login</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>

Sélecteurs robustes

// ✅ EXCELLENT - accessibilityIdentifier
app.buttons["upload-document-button"]
app.textFields["email-input"]

// ✅ BON - accessibilityLabel
app.buttons["Upload Document"]

// ⚠️ ACCEPTABLE - text content
app.staticTexts["Welcome back"]

// ❌ FRAGILE - index
app.buttons.element(boundBy: 0)  // Peut casser si ordre change

Interactions utilisateur

Tap

// Simple tap
app.buttons["submit-button"].tap()

// Double tap
app.images["photo"].doubleTap()

// Long press
app.buttons["context-menu"].press(forDuration: 1.0)

// Tap à coordonnées spécifiques
let coordinate = app.coordinate(
    withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: 0.5, dy: 0.5)
)
coordinate.tap()

Text Input

// Saisie texte
let emailField = app.textFields["email-input"]
emailField.tap()
emailField.typeText("user@example.com")

// Effacer et saisir
emailField.tap()
let deleteString = String(repeating: XCUIKeyboardKey.delete.rawValue, count: 50)
emailField.typeText(deleteString)
emailField.typeText("newemail@example.com")

// Paste
emailField.tap()
emailField.press(forDuration: 1.0)  // Long press
app.menuItems["Paste"].tap()

Swipe & Scroll

// Swipe
app.swipeUp()
app.swipeDown()
app.swipeLeft()
app.swipeRight()

// Scroll to element
let documentList = app.scrollViews.firstMatch
documentList.swipeUp(until: app.staticTexts["Document 50"].exists)

// Helper pour scroll
extension XCUIElement {
    func swipeUp(until predicate: @autoclosure () -> Bool, maxAttempts: Int = 10) {
        for _ in 0..<maxAttempts {
            if predicate() {
                return
            }
            swipeUp()
        }
        XCTFail("Element not found after \(maxAttempts) swipes")
    }
}

Attentes (Expectations)

waitForExistence

// Attendre apparition élément (timeout 10s)
let dashboard = app.staticTexts["Dashboard"]
XCTAssertTrue(
    dashboard.waitForExistence(timeout: 10),
    "Dashboard should appear"
)

// Attendre disparition
let loadingSpinner = app.activityIndicators["loading"]
let disappeared = loadingSpinner.waitForNonExistence(timeout: 5)
XCTAssertTrue(disappeared, "Loading should finish")

Custom waitFor

// Helper: attendre condition
func wait(for condition: @autoclosure () -> Bool, timeout: TimeInterval = 10) {
    let expectation = XCTestExpectation(description: "Waiting for condition")

    let timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 0.1, repeats: true) { timer in
        if condition() {
            expectation.fulfill()
            timer.invalidate()
        }
    }

    let result = XCTWaiter().wait(for: [expectation], timeout: timeout)
    timer.invalidate()

    XCTAssertEqual(result, .completed, "Condition not met within \(timeout)s")
}

// Usage
wait(for: app.buttons["submit"].isEnabled)

Biométrie (Face ID / Touch ID)

Simulation biométrie

// Helpers/BiometricSimulator.swift
import XCTest

enum BiometricResult {
    case success
    case failure
}

func simulateBiometric(_ result: BiometricResult, in app: XCUIApplication) {
    // Déclencher action biométrique
    app.buttons["biometric-login-button"].tap()

    // Attendre prompt système
    let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")

    switch result {
    case .success:
        // Simuler succès Face ID/Touch ID
        if springboard.buttons["OK"].exists {
            springboard.buttons["OK"].tap()
        }
    case .failure:
        // Simuler échec
        if springboard.buttons["Cancel"].exists {
            springboard.buttons["Cancel"].tap()
        }
    }
}

Test biométrique

func test_TC_AUTH_03_loginWithBiometric() throws {
    // Setup: Enable biometric in app
    app.launchEnvironment["BIOMETRIC_ENROLLED"] = "1"
    app.launch()

    // When: User taps biometric login
    simulateBiometric(.success, in: app)

    // Then: Should login successfully
    let dashboard = app.staticTexts["Dashboard"]
    XCTAssertTrue(dashboard.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))
}

func test_TC_AUTH_04_biometricFailure() throws {
    app.launchEnvironment["BIOMETRIC_ENROLLED"] = "1"
    app.launch()

    // When: Biometric fails
    simulateBiometric(.failure, in: app)

    // Then: Should show error
    let error = app.alerts["Authentication Failed"]
    XCTAssertTrue(error.exists)
}

Upload de fichiers

Test upload document

func test_TC_DOC_01_uploadDocument() throws {
    // Navigate to upload screen
    app.buttons["upload-button"].tap()

    // Tap file picker
    app.buttons["choose-file"].tap()

    // Select file (simulé avec photo library)
    let photosApp = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.mobileslideshow")
    if photosApp.images.count > 0 {
        photosApp.images.firstMatch.tap()
    }

    // Wait for encryption
    let encryptionComplete = app.staticTexts["Encryption complete"]
    XCTAssertTrue(encryptionComplete.waitForExistence(timeout: 10))

    // Submit upload
    app.buttons["submit-upload"].tap()

    // Verify success
    let successAlert = app.alerts["Upload Successful"]
    XCTAssertTrue(successAlert.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))
}

Alerts & Dialogs

Handling alerts

// Vérifier alerte existe
let alert = app.alerts["Error"]
XCTAssertTrue(alert.exists)

// Lire message
let message = alert.staticTexts.element(boundBy: 1).label
XCTAssertEqual(message, "Invalid email or password")

// Tap bouton alerte
alert.buttons["OK"].tap()

// Vérifier alerte disparue
XCTAssertFalse(alert.exists)

System dialogs

// Notifications permission
addUIInterruptionMonitor(withDescription: "Notifications") { alert in
    if alert.buttons["Allow"].exists {
        alert.buttons["Allow"].tap()
        return true
    }
    return false
}

// Déclencher interrupt monitoring
app.tap()  // Nécessaire pour activer monitor

// Camera/Photo permissions
addUIInterruptionMonitor(withDescription: "Photos") { alert in
    alert.buttons["OK"].tap()
    return true
}

Orientation & Rotation

func test_TC_UI_01_rotateToLandscape() throws {
    // Portrait (default)
    XCUIDevice.shared.orientation = .portrait

    // Take screenshot
    let screenshot = app.screenshot()
    let attachment = XCTAttachment(screenshot: screenshot)
    attachment.name = "portrait"
    add(attachment)

    // Rotate to landscape
    XCUIDevice.shared.orientation = .landscapeLeft

    // Verify UI adapts
    let dashboard = app.staticTexts["Dashboard"]
    XCTAssertTrue(dashboard.exists)

    // Screenshot landscape
    let landscapeScreenshot = app.screenshot()
    let landscapeAttachment = XCTAttachment(screenshot: landscapeScreenshot)
    landscapeAttachment.name = "landscape"
    add(landscapeAttachment)
}

Screenshots & Artifacts

Prendre screenshots

func test_TC_AUTH_01_loginFlow() throws {
    // Screenshot avant action
    let beforeScreenshot = app.screenshot()
    let beforeAttachment = XCTAttachment(screenshot: beforeScreenshot)
    beforeAttachment.name = "login-before"
    beforeAttachment.lifetime = .keepAlways
    add(beforeAttachment)

    // Action
    loginPage.login(email: "user@example.com", password: "password")

    // Screenshot après action
    let afterScreenshot = app.screenshot()
    let afterAttachment = XCTAttachment(screenshot: afterScreenshot)
    afterAttachment.name = "login-after"
    afterAttachment.lifetime = .keepAlways
    add(afterAttachment)
}

Automatic screenshots on failure

override func tearDownWithError() throws {
    if let failure = try? XCTUnwrap(testRun?.failureCount), failure > 0 {
        let screenshot = app.screenshot()
        let attachment = XCTAttachment(screenshot: screenshot)
        attachment.name = "failure-\(name)"
        attachment.lifetime = .keepAlways
        add(attachment)
    }
}

Isolation des tests

Reset app state

override func setUpWithError() throws {
    continueAfterFailure = false

    app = XCUIApplication()

    // Reset app data entre tests
    app.launchArguments = ["UI-Testing", "RESET_STATE"]

    // Disable animations (tests plus rapides)
    app.launchEnvironment = ["DISABLE_ANIMATIONS": "1"]

    app.launch()
}

// Dans l'app React Native
if (__DEV__ && NativeModules.LaunchArguments?.includes('RESET_STATE')) {
  // Clear AsyncStorage
  AsyncStorage.clear();
  // Clear Keychain
  Keychain.reset();
}

Parcours critiques ProbatioVault

TC-AUTH: Authentication

func test_TC_AUTH_01_fullAuthenticationFlow() throws {
    // 1. Register
    app.buttons["create-account"].tap()
    app.textFields["email-input"].tap()
    app.textFields["email-input"].typeText("newuser@example.com")
    app.secureTextFields["password-input"].tap()
    app.secureTextFields["password-input"].typeText("SecurePass123!")
    app.buttons["register-button"].tap()

    // 2. Enable biometric
    let enableBiometric = app.staticTexts["Enable Face ID"]
    XCTAssertTrue(enableBiometric.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))
    app.buttons["enable-faceid-button"].tap()

    // 3. Logout
    app.buttons["logout-button"].tap()

    // 4. Login with biometric
    simulateBiometric(.success, in: app)

    // Verify dashboard
    let dashboard = app.staticTexts["Dashboard"]
    XCTAssertTrue(dashboard.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))
}

TC-DOC: Documents

func test_TC_DOC_01_fullDocumentLifecycle() throws {
    // 1. Upload
    app.buttons["documents-tab"].tap()
    app.buttons["upload-button"].tap()
    app.buttons["choose-file"].tap()

    // Select file (mock)
    // ... file selection ...

    let encryptionComplete = app.staticTexts["Encryption complete"]
    XCTAssertTrue(encryptionComplete.waitForExistence(timeout: 10))

    app.buttons["submit-upload"].tap()

    // 2. View document
    app.staticTexts["contract.pdf"].tap()
    let documentViewer = app.otherElements["document-viewer"]
    XCTAssertTrue(documentViewer.exists)

    // 3. Share document (PRE)
    app.buttons["share-button"].tap()
    app.textFields["recipient-email"].tap()
    app.textFields["recipient-email"].typeText("recipient@example.com")
    app.buttons["share-document-button"].tap()

    let successAlert = app.alerts["Document Shared"]
    XCTAssertTrue(successAlert.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))

    // 4. Certify
    app.buttons["certify-button"].tap()
    let certifiedBadge = app.images["certified-badge"]
    XCTAssertTrue(certifiedBadge.waitForExistence(timeout: 5))
}

Exécution tests

Xcode

# Depuis Xcode
Cmd + U  # Run all tests

# Ou run specific test
Clic droit sur test  Run test

Command line

# Run all tests
xcodebuild test \
  -workspace ios/ProbatioVault.xcworkspace \
  -scheme ProbatioVault \
  -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 14 Pro,OS=17.0'

# Run specific test class
xcodebuild test \
  -workspace ios/ProbatioVault.xcworkspace \
  -scheme ProbatioVault \
  -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 14 Pro' \
  -only-testing:ProbatioVaultUITests/AuthenticationTests

# Run on physical device
xcodebuild test \
  -workspace ios/ProbatioVault.xcworkspace \
  -scheme ProbatioVault \
  -destination 'platform=iOS,name=Loïc's iPhone'

Fastlane (automatisation)

# Fastfile
lane :test_e2e do
  run_tests(
    workspace: "ios/ProbatioVault.xcworkspace",
    scheme: "ProbatioVault",
    devices: ["iPhone 14 Pro", "iPhone SE (3rd generation)"],
    output_directory: "./test_output",
    code_coverage: true
  )
end

Checklist XCUITest

Avant commit

  • Tests utilisent Page Object Model
  • accessibilityIdentifier sur éléments clés
  • waitForExistence avec timeout approprié
  • Tests isolés (reset state entre tests)
  • Screenshots sur échec automatiques
  • Tous les tests passent (0 failures)

Escalade

Escalader vers Agent QA (coordinateur) si : - Tests flaky (intermittents) - Impossibilité de sélectionner éléments - Performance tests trop lente - Besoin de test sur device physique (pas simulator) - Problème avec biométrie simulator

Références

  • XCUITest Docs: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xctest
  • UI Testing Guide: https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/testing_with_xcode/
  • React Native Testing: https://reactnative.dev/docs/testing-overview

Historique

Version Date Changement
1.0.0 2026-01-14 Création initiale